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Cytokine/Chemokine in Ovine
Cytokines, such as interleukins, interferons, and tumor necrosis factors, coordinate immune cell activity, promoting or resolving inflammation as needed. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, for instance, initiate immune defense during infections, while anti-inflammatory cytokines help restore balance and promote healing. Chemokines, a subset of cytokines, guide immune cells to sites of infection or injury, ensuring a rapid and targeted response.
In sheep, these molecules are critical in infections, such as bacterial, viral, and parasitic diseases. For example, cytokines like interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) are pivotal in combating pathogens. During parasitic infestations, cytokine responses can determine the host's resistance or vulnerability. Beyond infections, cytokines regulate key physiological processes, such as pregnancy, where they support implantation and fetal development, and postnatal immunity, aiding lambs in combating environmental pathogens.
However, disruptions in cytokine and chemokine activity are linked to many ovine diseases. Conditions like chronic inflammation, respiratory diseases, and parasitic burdens often involve abnormal cytokine signaling, which can exacerbate tissue damage or impair immune responses. Understanding these imbalances is critical for improving disease diagnosis, treatment, and prevention strategies.
Studying cytokines and chemokines in sheep offers valuable applications. It enables the identification of disease biomarkers, informs vaccine development, and supports selective breeding for disease resistance. By analyzing these molecules, researchers can enhance animal health, optimize productivity, and develop sustainable livestock management practices.
Ovine Cytokine/Chemokine Panel at Creative Proteomics
At Creative Proteomics, we utilize the advanced Luminex xMAP technology to deliver a high-performance Ovine Cytokine/Chemokine Panel service. This innovative multiplexing platform supports the detection of multiple cytokines and chemokines in one reaction, offering exceptional accuracy, a broad dynamic range, and scalability. Designed for efficient use of sample material, this service is ideal for studying immune modulation, inflammation, and pathogen-host interactions in sheep, helping researchers obtain comprehensive data in a cost-effective and timely manner.
Detection Method
Magnetic bead-based Luminex multiplex assay
Species
Ovine
Analytes Detected
| Species | Specification | Protein Targets | Application | Price |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ovine | Ovine Cytokine/Chemokine 14-plex Panel | IFN-γ, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-8, IL-17A, MIP-1α, IL-36RA, IP-10, MIP-1β, TNFα, VEGF-A | Designed for comprehensive analysis of immune responses, inflammation, angiogenesis, and host-pathogen interactions in sheep. | +Inquiry |
Sensitivity (Detection Limits)
- IFN-γ: 5–10 pg/mL
- IL-1α: 8–12 pg/mL
- IL-1β: 8–12 pg/mL
- IL-4: 5–10 pg/mL
- IL-6: 3–7 pg/mL
- IL-10: 4–8 pg/mL
- IL-8: 6–10 pg/mL
- IL-17A: 7–12 pg/mL
- MIP-1α: 4–8 pg/mL
- IL-36RA: 10–15 pg/mL
- IP-10: 5–10 pg/mL
- MIP-1β: 4–8 pg/mL
- TNF-α: 3–6 pg/mL
- VEGF-A: 2–5 pg/mL
Advantages of Ovine Cytokine/Chemokine Luminex Assay
- Multiplex Capability: The Luminex technology allows for the simultaneous detection of multiple cytokines and chemokines in a single sample, significantly improving the efficiency and throughput of immune system analysis. Researchers can profile a broad array of immune mediators in one run, saving time and reducing sample consumption.
- High Sensitivity and Precision: The Luminex assay offers exceptional sensitivity, with detection limits in the picogram per milliliter (pg/mL) range for a wide variety of cytokines and chemokines. This ensures that even low-abundance biomarkers can be reliably quantified, providing accurate data for both basic and applied research.
- Low Sample Volume Requirement: The assay requires minimal sample volumes, making it ideal for studies with limited biological material or when working with difficult-to-obtain samples, such as from small or specialized ovine populations. This feature also enables more cost-effective research by reducing the need for large sample quantities.
- Comprehensive Profiling: The Luminex assay can analyze a wide range of cytokines and chemokines that are pivotal in immune regulation, inflammation, and disease response in sheep. This comprehensive profiling is particularly beneficial for studying complex immune interactions and understanding disease mechanisms in ovine populations.
- Rapid and High-Throughput Analysis: The Luminex platform is capable of processing a large number of samples quickly, making it suitable for high-throughput studies and large-scale epidemiological research. The rapid turnaround time for results helps accelerate data generation and facilitates timely decision-making in research and clinical applications.
- Wide Dynamic Range: The assay offers a broad dynamic range, ensuring accurate quantification across a wide spectrum of cytokine concentrations. This is crucial for analyzing both highly abundant and low-concentration biomarkers in ovine samples, giving researchers a more comprehensive view of immune responses.
- Versatility and Customization: The Luminex assay can be customized to include specific cytokines or chemokines based on the research objectives. Researchers can tailor the panel to focus on particular immune pathways, diseases, or conditions, offering flexibility in experimental design.
- Reliable and Reproducible Results: Luminex assays are known for their robustness and reproducibility. The platform offers consistent results across multiple runs, ensuring that data are reliable and can be compared across studies, making it an ideal tool for longitudinal studies and multi-site research collaborations.
- Non-invasive Testing: The Ovine Cytokine/Chemokine Luminex Assay can be performed on various sample types, including serum, plasma, and tissue homogenates, making it a versatile tool for non-invasive studies and longitudinal monitoring of immune responses in sheep.
Sample Requirements for Ovine Cytokine/Chemokine Luminex Panel
| Sample Type | Required Volume | Sample Preparation | Additional Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Serum | 100–200 µL | -20°C or -80°C | Ensure samples are collected in non-heparinized tubes. |
| Plasma | 100–200 µL | -20°C or -80°C | Use EDTA or citrate as anticoagulants. |
| Whole Blood | 200–300 µL | -20°C or -80°C | For immediate processing. |
| Cell Culture Supernatant | 50–100 µL | -20°C or -80°C | Collect without contaminating with serum or plasma. |
| Tissue Homogenate | 50–100 mg | -80°C | Ensure tissue is properly homogenized in a suitable buffer. |
Application of Ovine Cytokine/Chemokine Panel
- Immune Response Profiling: Used to assess immune responses in sheep to infections, vaccines, and stressors, providing insights into immune activation and regulation.
- Inflammation and Disease Mechanisms: Helps study inflammatory processes and identify biomarkers involved in diseases such as respiratory infections and gastrointestinal disorders.
- Infectious Disease Studies: Facilitates research on immune responses to bacterial, viral, and parasitic infections, aiding vaccine development and treatment strategies.
- Vaccine Development and Evaluation: Used to evaluate the efficacy of vaccines by measuring cytokine responses, helping optimize vaccine strategies for improved protection.
- Chronic Inflammation and Autoimmune Disease: Identifies cytokines associated with chronic inflammation and autoimmune conditions, supporting treatment and management research.
- Host-Pathogen Interaction Studies: Provides insights into how the immune system interacts with pathogens, improving disease understanding and control measures.
- Stress and Welfare Studies: Assesses how environmental stressors affect immune function, aiding in animal welfare and management practices.
- Biomarker Discovery and Diagnostics: Identifies cytokine and chemokine biomarkers for disease diagnosis, enabling early detection and better management strategies.
- Toxicology and Environmental Health: Measures immune response to toxins or environmental stressors, offering data on the health impacts of pollutants.
- Breeding for Disease Resistance:Supports breeding programs by profiling immune responses to enhance disease resistance in sheep.
In addition to preconfigured panels, we also offer customized analysis services. You can customize your own panel through our customization tool, or directly email us the targets you are interested in. A professional will contact you to discuss the feasibility of customization. We look forward to working with you!
| Protein Target | Description |
|---|---|
| IFN-γ | A pro-inflammatory cytokine produced by T cells and NK cells, crucial in immune response regulation and host defense. Involved in chronic inflammation and neuroinflammatory conditions. |
| IL-1α | A cytokine that initiates inflammation and immune responses, implicated in diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, sepsis, and neurodegenerative disorders. |
| IL-1β | A potent inflammatory cytokine involved in activating immune cells and producing other mediators of inflammation. Associated with autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. |
| IL-4 | Regulates T cell differentiation and promotes Th2 immune responses, important in allergic reactions and autoimmune conditions. |
| IL-6 | A cytokine with both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects, involved in immune responses and tissue repair. Elevated in chronic inflammation and cardiovascular diseases. |
| IL-10 | An anti-inflammatory cytokine that controls immune tolerance and suppresses excessive immune responses in autoimmune diseases and chronic inflammation. |
| IL-8 | A chemokine that attracts neutrophils to sites of infection or injury, linked to asthma, COPD, and inflammatory diseases. |
| IL-17A | A pro-inflammatory cytokine produced by Th17 cells, involved in defense against pathogens and autoimmune diseases like psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis. |
| MIP-1α | A chemokine involved in recruiting immune cells to sites of infection or inflammation. Important in viral infections and inflammatory diseases. |
| IL-36RA | An inhibitor of the IL-36 cytokine family, regulating inflammation and immune responses, elevated in autoimmune diseases like psoriasis. |
| IP-10 | A chemokine that attracts T cells and monocytes to inflammation sites. Associated with viral infections, autoimmune diseases, and inflammation. |
| MIP-1β | A chemokine that recruits monocytes and T cells to sites of inflammation, important in infections, tissue damage, and inflammatory diseases. |
| TNF-α | A central pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in systemic inflammation, immune regulation, and cell death. Linked to autoimmune diseases, infections, and neurodegenerative disorders. |
| VEGF-A | A growth factor essential for angiogenesis and tissue repair. Elevated in cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and ocular disorders. |
What are the best practices for sample collection?
For accurate results, use non-heparinized tubes for serum and EDTA or citrate tubes for plasma. Process samples promptly and store them at -20°C or -80°C if immediate analysis isn’t possible. Tissue samples should be homogenized and stored at -80°C.
How should I store samples prior to analysis?
Store serum or plasma samples at -20°C or -80°C. Tissue samples should be frozen at -80°C immediately after collection. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Can the Luminex assay detect low cytokine concentrations?
Yes, the Luminex assay has detection limits in the pg/mL range, making it highly sensitive to even low-abundance cytokines.
Can this panel be used for pathogen-specific infections?
Yes, the panel is suitable for analyzing immune responses to bacterial, viral, and parasitic infections in sheep, helping monitor cytokine levels associated with different pathogens.
What is the best way to transport samples?
Samples should be kept at the appropriate temperature—on ice for non-frozen samples or with dry ice for frozen samples. Proper packaging is essential to maintain temperature control during transport.
How do I interpret the results?
The results are reported as cytokine concentrations (pg/mL). Compare the data to baseline or reference ranges to assess immune responses, inflammation, or disease status.
What is the sample volume required for whole blood analysis?
Whole blood samples require 200–300 µL for analysis. They should be processed immediately or stored at -20°C or -80°C if delayed.
How does the Luminex technology ensure accurate results?
Luminex uses magnetic beads to detect multiple cytokines simultaneously. The assay is known for its high sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility across different runs and labs.
Can I monitor immune responses over time with this panel?
Yes, the panel is ideal for longitudinal studies to track cytokine levels over time, helping monitor disease progression, treatment efficacy, or vaccine responses.
