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What is Mouse Immunoglobulin Isotyping?
Immunoglobulins (Ig), commonly known as antibodies, are essential components of the adaptive immune system. They are produced by B lymphocytes in response to foreign antigens and serve as the body's primary defense against pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and toxins. In mice, as in other mammals, immunoglobulins are classified into distinct classes based on their structural differences and immune functions. The primary immunoglobulin classes in mice are IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, and IgM, each playing unique roles in immune responses.
- IgA: Predominantly found in mucosal areas, such as the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts, IgA is crucial for mucosal immunity. It is secreted in bodily fluids like saliva, tears, and breast milk, where it acts to prevent the invasion of pathogens at entry sites.
- IgM: This is the first antibody produced during an immune response. IgM is typically found in the blood and lymphatic system, where it helps to neutralize pathogens and initiate the complement cascade, an important part of the immune defense.
- IgG: The most abundant immunoglobulin in the serum, IgG is critical for neutralizing toxins and pathogens. It is subdivided into four subclasses in mice (IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, and IgG3), each playing a distinct role in immune regulation. IgG subclasses vary in their ability to activate complement and bind to Fc receptors on immune cells, affecting how the immune system responds to different types of infections.
- IgE: This class of immunoglobulin is primarily involved in allergic reactions and protection against parasitic infections. While less common in mice than other species, it plays an important role in modulating hypersensitivity responses.
The ability to accurately identify and quantify the levels of these immunoglobulins in murine models is crucial for understanding immune responses. The Mouse Immunoglobulin Isotyping process involves the measurement of these immunoglobulin classes to gain insights into the immune activation and subclass distribution in response to various stimuli, such as infections, vaccines, or therapeutic interventions.
For researchers utilizing mouse models, knowing the specific immunoglobulin profile is invaluable. Whether studying immune system disorders, developing vaccines, or evaluating therapeutic drugs, the precise determination of Ig class levels helps researchers assess the immune status of their animal subjects and provides critical data for the interpretation of experimental results.
Mouse Immunoglobulin Isotyping Panel at Creative Proteomics
Creative Proteomics employs Luminex xMAP technology for Mouse Immunoglobulin Isotyping Panel analysis, a bead-based multiplex assay system designed for high-throughput, simultaneous analysis of multiple targets in a single sample. Luminex xMAP technology uses color-coded magnetic beads that are coated with capture antibodies specific to each immunoglobulin class. These beads are then analyzed using a specialized flow cytometer that provides detailed information on the concentration of immunoglobulins in the sample.
Detection Method
Magnetic bead-based Luminex multiplex assay
Species
Mouse
Analytes Detected
| Species | Specification | Protein Targets | Applications | Price |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mouse | Mouse Immunoglobulin Isotyping 6-Plex Panel | IgA, IgG1, IgG2α, IgG2b, IgG3, IgM | Suitable for analyzing immune responses, studying humoral immunity, vaccine development, and disease modeling. | +Inquiry |
Sensitivity
The assay detects immunoglobulins at low concentrations, ensuring accurate results even in cases of minimal immune activation.
- IgM: Sensitivity of 0.18 ng/mL
- IgG3: Sensitivity of 0.32 ng/mL
- IgA: Sensitivity of 0.67 ng/mL
- IgG2b: Sensitivity of 0.7 ng/mL
- IgG1: Sensitivity of 1.1 ng/mL
- IgG2a: Sensitivity of 1.73 ng/mL
Standard Curve Range
Wide dynamic range for each immunoglobulin class, from 1-3,000 ng/mL, ensuring accurate quantification across varying sample concentrations.
Inter-Assay CV: 14-17%, indicating good reproducibility between separate assays.
Intra-Assay CV: 5-10%, demonstrating reliable performance within the same assay.
Advantages of the Mouse Immunoglobulin Isotyping Luminex Assay
- Multiplexing Capability: The Luminex xMAP technology allows the simultaneous analysis of multiple immunoglobulin subclasses (IgA, IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, IgG3, IgM), saving both time and resources compared to traditional single-analyte methods.
- High Sensitivity: The system has exceptional sensitivity, enabling the detection of low-abundance immunoglobulins down to nanogram per milliliter levels.
- Quantitative Results: Luminex xMAP provides precise, quantitative data, allowing researchers to accurately measure immunoglobulin concentrations across various samples.
- Scalability: The platform is highly scalable, making it suitable for both small and large sample volumes, which is ideal for high-throughput studies.
Sample Requirements for Mouse Immunoglobulin Isotyping Luminex Panel
| Sample Type | Minimum Volume | Recommended Volume | Storage Conditions | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Serum | 25 µL | 50-100 µL | -80°C (long-term storage) | Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. |
| Plasma | 25 µL | 50-100 µL | -80°C (long-term storage) | Ensure no hemolysis. |
| Cell Culture Supernatant | 50 µL | 100-200 µL | 4°C (short-term storage) | Ensure minimal contamination. |
| Ascites Fluid | 50 µL | 100-200 µL | 4°C (short-term storage) | Avoid contamination with cellular debris. |
| Fecal Samples | 100 µL | 200-500 µL | -80°C (long-term storage) | Use proper extraction protocols. |
Application of Mouse Immunoglobulin Isotyping Panel
- Immunology Research: Studying the immune response in murine models, including the identification of humoral immune responses to infections, vaccines, or therapeutic treatments.
- Vaccine Development: Assessing the efficacy of vaccines by measuring the immune profile of vaccinated mice and analyzing specific antibody responses.
- Autoimmune Disease Studies: Evaluating immune dysfunction by quantifying immunoglobulin subclasses in animal models of autoimmune diseases.
- Biomarker Discovery: Identifying potential biomarkers for disease states or therapeutic response by analyzing immunoglobulin patterns.
- Drug Development: Testing the immune system's response to new drugs, particularly biologics, by analyzing changes in immunoglobulin subclass profiles.
In addition to preconfigured panels, we also offer customized analysis services. You can customize your own panel through our customization tool, or directly email us the targets you are interested in. A professional will contact you to discuss the feasibility of customization. We look forward to working with you!
| Protein Target | Description |
|---|---|
| IgA | An immunoglobulin primarily found in mucosal areas such as the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts; plays a key role in mucosal immunity by preventing pathogen invasion at entry sites. |
| IgG1 | A subclass of IgG involved in neutralizing pathogens, mediating immune responses, and facilitating antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). It is the most common IgG subclass in serum. |
| IgG2α | A subclass of IgG that is crucial in immune responses against intracellular pathogens, particularly viruses and certain bacteria; also important for complement activation. |
| IgG2b | A subclass of IgG that plays a key role in the immune system's response to pathogens and in forming immune complexes, particularly important in responses to bacterial infections. |
| IgG3 | A subclass of IgG with potent complement-activating properties; plays a significant role in immune responses to viruses, bacteria, and parasites. |
| IgM | The first antibody produced during an immune response, typically found in the blood and lymphatic system; plays a crucial role in neutralizing pathogens and initiating complement activation. |
How do I select the right immunoglobulin subclasses to measure for my experiment?
Choosing the right immunoglobulin subclasses depends on your experimental goals and the immune responses you aim to study.
- For Humoral Immunity Studies: Measuring IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, and IgG3 will provide a comprehensive view of the mouse's humoral immune response, as these subclasses are pivotal in pathogen neutralization and immune regulation.
- For Mucosal Immunity: If you're studying mucosal immunity, particularly in the gastrointestinal or respiratory tract, IgA is the key subclass to measure, as it is highly concentrated in mucosal secretions and plays a vital role in local immune defense.
- For Early Immune Responses: IgM is the first antibody produced in response to an infection, so measuring IgM levels can be crucial for detecting early immune activation and responses.
- For Vaccine Efficacy Studies: IgG subclasses are often the most informative, as they reflect the memory response and ability to neutralize pathogens. IgG1 and IgG3 are commonly associated with responses to vaccines, while IgG2a may indicate a Th1-driven response.
Our team can assist with panel selection based on your specific research needs, and we also offer customized panels to target specific immunoglobulins or subclasses.
