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Kidney Toxicity in Canine
Kidney toxicity, or nephrotoxicity, occurs when nephrotoxic substances adversely affect the renal system, potentially leading to impaired kidney function or failure. Common nephrotoxicity sources in canines include pharmaceutical compounds, environmental toxins, and underlying metabolic or infectious conditions. For example, certain medications like NSAIDs and antibiotics, if improperly dosed, can strain renal function, while exposure to toxins such as antifreeze (ethylene glycol) poses immediate life-threatening risks.
The clinical manifestations of kidney toxicity in dogs may range from subtle changes in renal biomarkers to overt symptoms such as lethargy, reduced appetite, increased thirst, and altered urination patterns. Early and accurate detection is essential to prevent irreversible damage and to understand the mechanisms driving nephrotoxicity. Biomarker analysis has emerged as a cornerstone in evaluating renal health, enabling the identification of subtle biochemical alterations before clinical symptoms appear. This proactive approach is particularly valuable in veterinary medicine and preclinical studies.
Using canines in nephrotoxicity research is critical because their renal physiology closely resembles that of humans, particularly in glomerular filtration rate and tubular function. This similarity allows for more predictive insights into potential human responses to nephrotoxic compounds, making canine models indispensable in translational research. Furthermore, studying kidney health in dogs is essential for veterinary medicine, as it directly impacts the development of effective treatments for this species.
Canine Kidney Toxicity Panel at Creative Proteomics
Creative Proteomics utilizes Luminex xMAP Technology to deliver a robust and precise Canine Kidney Toxicity Panel. This advanced platform allows for the simultaneous detection and quantification of multiple renal biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity. Tailored to meet the diverse needs of kidney toxicity research, our panel supports the identification of nephrotoxic agents, exploration of renal injury mechanisms, and the advancement of veterinary therapeutics.
Detection Method
Magnetic bead-based Luminex multiplex assay
Species
Canine
Analytes Detected
| Species | Specification | Protein Targets | Application | Price |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Canine | Canine Kidney Injury 4-Plex Panel | Clusterin, KIM-1, MCP-1, NGAL | Suitable for early detection of kidney injury and inflammation, with focus on nephrotoxicity. | +Inquiry |
| Canine | Canine Kidney Toxicity 4-Plex Panel | Albumin, RBP4, B2M, TFF-3 | Suitable for early detection of renal dysfunction and monitoring therapeutic efficacy in preclinical studies. | +Inquiry |
| Canine | Canine Kidney Toxicity 7-Plex Panel | KIM-1, Cystatin C, Osteopontin, Lipocalin-2/NGAL, IL-8, MCP-1, Clusterin | Ideal for comprehensive profiling of kidney injury markers, inflammation, and oxidative stress in nephrotoxicity studies. | +Inquiry |
Sensitivity (Detection Limits)
- Albumin: 0.1–1 µg/mL
- Retinol-Binding Protein 4 (RBP4): 10–50 ng/mL
- Beta-2-Microglobulin (B2M): 5–20 ng/mL
- Trefoil Factor 3 (TFF-3): 10–50 pg/mL
- Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (KIM-1): 10–100 pg/mL
- Cystatin C: 50–200 ng/mL
- Osteopontin: 0.1–1 ng/mL
- Lipocalin-2/Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL): 50–300 pg/mL
- Interleukin-8 (IL-8): 1–10 pg/mL
- Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1): 5–20 pg/mL
- Clusterin: 10–100 ng/mL
Advantages of Canine Kidney Toxicity Luminex Assay
- High Sensitivity and Specificity: Detect low-abundance biomarkers with exceptional precision.
- Multiplexing Capability: Analyze up to 50 biomarkers simultaneously, saving time and resources.
- Rapid Turnaround Time: Obtain comprehensive results in a fraction of the time compared to conventional methods.
- Minimal Sample Requirement: Conduct extensive analyses using small sample volumes, preserving precious specimens.
- Customizable Panels: Tailor biomarker panels to suit specific research needs or compound classes.
Sample Requirements for Canine Kidney Toxicity Luminex Panel
| Sample Type | Minimum Volume | Storage Condition | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Serum | 50 µL | -80°C | Collected in a serum separator tube, centrifuged within 2 hours of collection. |
| Plasma | 50 µL | -80°C | Use EDTA or heparin as anticoagulants; avoid hemolyzed samples. |
| Urine | 200 µL | -80°C | Ensure samples are centrifuged and aliquoted to remove sediment. |
| Tissue Homogenates | 100 mg | -80°C | Homogenize tissue in appropriate buffer, and clarify by centrifugation. |
Application of Canine Kidney Toxicity Panel
- Preclinical Drug Development: Used for early detection of nephrotoxicity in new drug candidates, enabling the identification of potential renal side effects before clinical trials.
- Pharmacokinetics and Toxicity Mechanisms: Helps identify biomarkers of kidney damage, aiding in understanding nephrotoxic mechanisms and guiding dose adjustments.
- Veterinary Toxicology: Monitors kidney function in dogs exposed to environmental toxins or drugs, providing early warnings of renal damage.
- Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Research: Utilized in studies to understand CKD progression and develop treatments.
- Biomarker Discovery: Supports the identification and validation of kidney-specific biomarkers for early diagnosis and monitoring of nephrotoxicity.
In addition to preconfigured panels, we also offer customized analysis services. You can customize your own panel through our customization tool, or directly email us the targets you are interested in. A professional will contact you to discuss the feasibility of customization. We look forward to working with you!
| Protein Target | Description |
|---|---|
| Albumin | A major plasma protein involved in maintaining osmotic pressure; decreases in renal dysfunction and used as a marker for kidney injury. |
| RBP4 (Retinol Binding Protein 4) | A protein that binds retinol (vitamin A); elevated levels indicate renal tubular dysfunction and are associated with nephrotoxicity. |
| B2M (Beta-2-Microglobulin) | A low molecular weight protein excreted in urine; elevated in renal injury and provides a sensitive marker for kidney damage. |
| TFF-3 (Trefoil Factor 3) | A protein involved in tissue repair and protection; elevated levels reflect tubular damage and are indicative of renal injury. |
| KIM-1 (Kidney Injury Molecule-1) | A cell membrane protein expressed in renal proximal tubules during injury; serves as a sensitive biomarker for acute kidney injury. |
| Cystatin C | An inhibitor of cysteine proteases; an early marker of renal impairment and a useful biomarker for glomerular filtration rate. |
| Osteopontin | A glycoprotein involved in cell signaling and tissue repair; elevated levels are associated with kidney damage and fibrosis. |
| Lipocalin-2/NGAL (Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin) | A protein released during renal injury; serves as a marker for acute kidney damage and is used to monitor nephrotoxicity. |
| IL-8 (Interleukin-8) | A pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in immune response; elevated in renal injury and linked to inflammation and oxidative stress. |
| MCP-1 (Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1) | A chemokine involved in the recruitment of immune cells to injured tissues; elevated in kidney damage and inflammation. |
| Clusterin | A chaperone protein involved in tissue protection and repair; elevated levels are associated with kidney injury and inflammation. |
How long does it take to get results from the panels?
The turnaround time for results typically ranges between 1 to 2 weeks depending on the complexity of the analysis and the specific needs of your study. We ensure that each sample is carefully processed and analyzed to provide accurate and reliable results. If faster results are required, please reach out to discuss expedited processing options.
Are the panels suitable for use with specific breeds or age groups?
Yes, these panels are designed for general use across a wide range of canine breeds and ages. However, it is important to note that kidney function can vary with age, size, and breed, and the interpretation of results may require consideration of these factors. For certain breeds known to have specific kidney disease susceptibilities, additional markers or studies may be recommended. Our team is available to discuss breed-specific considerations if needed.
What quality control measures are in place for the testing process?
We follow stringent quality control protocols throughout the testing process to ensure accuracy and consistency. Each sample is processed using validated methods and cross-checked with internal controls to confirm the reliability of the results. Our laboratory adheres to industry standards, and we conduct regular proficiency testing to maintain high-quality standards for all assays.
