Cardiovascular Disease Biomarker Assay

Introduction

Creative proteomics can provide highly sensitive qualitative and quantitative analysis of inflammatory biomarkers and cytokines for cardiovascular disease biomarker analysis.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) refer to diseases of the heart or blood vessels. A variety of biological pathways have been involved in the etiology of CVDs. CVDs are usually related to systemic inflammation, such as increased expression of inflammatory proteins CRP, IL-1, IL-6, IL-18 and TNF-α. These proteins can be regarded as diagnostic markers for risk assessment of various CVDs. The pathological process of CVD is also related to the increased expression of adhesion molecules, especially sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1.

Our professional platform can provide biomarker analysis of inflammation and oxidative stress to accelerate the identification/prediction of relevant mechanisms of the occurrence and development of CVD, and promote the development of targeted therapeutic drugs. The samples we can detect are not limited to human samples, but also include other species.

Biomarker involved in cardiovascular disease

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs), non-enzymatic glycation and oxidation products of proteins and lipids, accumulate in the blood vessel wall after oxidative stress. AGEs can exert their pathogenic effects through attractive cell binding sites/receptors.

Angiotensin II (ANG II) is the main biological effector of the renin angiotensin-aldosterone system. ANG II stimulates the expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs), and can stimulate SMC and monocytes to produce MCP-1. In addition, ANGII can enhance the expression of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in blood vessels, as well as chemotactic factors and chemotactic factor receptors.

E-selectin is a member of the cell adhesion molecule (CAM) family. It can be used as a surrogate marker to increase the expression of CAMs on vascular endothelial cells and reflect inflammation and endothelial cell activation.

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are secreted by various inflammatory cells or tumor cells in the form of zymogens (Pro-MMPs) and then activated by proteases. MMPs play a certain role in vascular structural changes, aneurysm formation, restenosis after angioplasty, atherosclerosis progression, and plaque instability.

CD40 ligand (CD40L) is a trimer transmembrane protein in the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family. CD40 and its receptors are important inflammatory process contributors to atherosclerosis, plaque instability, and thrombosis.

Detectable cytokines include but are not limited to:

Technology platform

We mainly provide the Luminex cytokine detection platform. Luminex uses fluorescently encoded microspheres with specific antibodies to different target molecules. The different microspheres can be combined freely to a certain extent so that up to 100 analytes can be tested multiple times simultaneously in a single experiment.

The Luminex cytokine assay platform has the following advantages:

• Multiple detection: simultaneous detection of 100 biological targets
• Short experiment time: 1-3 weeks
• High sensitivity: the lower limit of accurate quantification is as low as 0.1 pg/mL
• Save samples: only need a sample volume as low as 25 μL
• Time saving: the experiment process only takes 4 hours

For your different needs, we can also provide the following detection methods:

• Flow cytometry (FACS analysis): Identify and measure cell biomarkers in complex subpopulations. It can be used for intracellular cytokine detection without two hours.
• Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA): Use the primary antibody for capture, and conjugate the secondary antibody with an enzyme or radioisotope for detection. Our multiplexing system can detect the expression of multiple cytokines at once.

Sample preparation

• Suitable for serum, plasma, cell culture supernatant and all kinds of body fluids.
• Cells (whole blood cells, PBMC, mouse immune cells)
• The body fluid samples are stored in a refrigerator at -80 degrees Celsius and transported on dry ice.

Creative Proteomics can provide you with a one-stop solution. If you want to test other cytokines or other information you want to consult, please contact us. We are looking forward to cooperating with you.

Reference:

1. Mehra V C, Ramgolam V S, Bender J R. Cytokines and cardiovascular disease. Journal of leukocyte biology, 2005, 78(4): 805-818.