Introduction to exosomes signaling pathway

Based on Luminex technology platform, Creative Proteomics provides analysis services for key targets of exosomes signaling pathway.

   Exosomes are small membrane vesicles (30-150nm) that contain complex RNA and proteins. Exosomes were first found in sheep reticulocytes, and a variety of cells can secrete exosomes under normal and pathological conditions. It is mainly derived from multivesicular bodies formed by intracellular lysosomal particles, which are released into the extracellular matrix after fusion of the outer membrane of multivesicles with the cell membrane.Exosomes can regulate the biological activity of recipient cells through the proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, etc.

The communication between cells mediated by exosomes is mainly through the following three methods:

• The first is that exosomal membrane proteins can bind to target cell membrane proteins to activate signal pathways in target cells.
• The second is that in the extracellular matrix, exosomal membrane proteins can be cleaved by proteases, and the cleaved fragments can be used as ligands to bind to receptors on the cell membrane, thereby activating intracellular signaling pathways.
• The third is that the exosomal membrane can directly fuse with the target cell membrane, non-selectively releasing the protein, mRNA and microRNA contained in it.

The function of exosomes depends on the cell type from which they are derived, and they can participate in all aspects of the body's immune response, antigen presentation, cell migration, cell differentiation, and tumor invasion. Studies have shown that tumor-derived exosomes participate in the exchange of genetic information between tumor cells and basal cells, leading to the formation of a large number of new blood vessels and promoting tumor growth and invasion.

Our detectable targets:

Technology platform:

We provide Luminex technology for exosomes signaling pathway analysis.

Luminex technology is a multifunctional liquid phase analysis platform developed on the basis of colored microspheres, laser technology, applied fluidics and high-speed digital signal processing technology. The core is to encode polypropylene microspheres or magnetic microspheres with fluorescent dyes. By adjusting the different ratios of the two fluorescent dyes, up to 100 microspheres with different fluorescence spectra can be obtained. Antigen-antibody, enzyme-substrate, ligand-receptor binding reactions and nucleic acid hybridization reactions are performed on microspheres with different fluorescence encoding. Qualitative and quantitative analysis by laser detection of microsphere coding and reporter fluorescence separately.

The exosomal pathway is widely used in the body's immune response, antigen presentation, cell migration, cell differentiation, tumor invasion, and promotion of tumor growth and invasion.

In addition to Luminex Multiplex Assay, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Flow cytometry (FACS analysis) technology can also be provided to meet other customer needs.

Advantages of exosomes signaling pathway detection:

• High-throughput: Simultaneous analysis of multiple target molecules in the same sample. Theoretically, the detection flux is equal to the number of types of microspheres, that is, up to 100 types.
• Low sample consumption: Because 100 different target molecules can be detected in the same reaction well at the same time, the amount of sample is greatly saved; and because of the small size of the microspheres, as little as 1 puL of samples can be detected.
• Simple and fast operation: Because it is a liquid phase system, the reaction time is greatly shortened, and multiple cytokine detection can be completed within 2 to 3 hours.

Application of our service:

• To study the regulation mechanism of exosomes signal pathway in disease
• To study the effect of each virus on exosomes signaling pathway
• To study the effects of drugs or therapies on exosomes signaling pathways

Creative Proteomics has developed a signal pathway target detection platform. We are not limited to providing exosomes signal path detection services, but can also provide other signal path detection services. If you want to detect other targets, please contact us and we will customize the service for you. Look forward to working with you.

References:

1. Suresh Mathivanan, Hong Ji, et al. Exosomes: Extracellular organelles important in intercellular communication. Journal of proteomics, 2018, 7(3): 1907-1920.
2. 2. Richard J Simpson, Justin WE Lim,et al. Exosomes: proteomic insightsand diagnostic potential. Expert Rev. Proteomics, 2019, 6(3): 267-283.