Introduction
IL-10 is a multi-effect inhibitory cytokine, which can be produced by monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, B cells, CD8 + T cells, regulatory T cells, Th1 cells, and Th17 cells. Others Some non-immune cells (mast cells, keratinocytes, epithelial cells and tumor cells). IL-10 can inhibit the activation of T cells, monocytes and macrophages, and inhibit the production of various cytokines. It can also promote the differentiation and proliferation of B cells and natural killer cells, and promote the recruitment of monocyte nuclear macrophages and mast cell colonies. In addition, IL-10 plays an important role in various diseases such as inflammatory response, autoimmune disease, tumor and organ transplantation.
Mechanism and Function
The IL-10 receptor is composed of two a chains and two b chains. Both IL-10RA and IL-10RB belong to the type II cytokine receptor family. IL-10RB is widely expressed and expressed in most cells and tissues. The IL-10 signal works mainly through the JKA-STAT pathway. A tetramer formed by the combination of IL-10 with two A chains and two B chains, leading to activation of JAK1 and TYK2, and causing phosphorylation of specific parts of the IL-10 receptor terminal by JAK1. The phosphorylated receptor causes aggregation and connection of STAT3, and the connected STAT3 is phosphorylated by JAK1 and TYK2 to form a dimer, which regulates the expression of corresponding target genes.
In the treatment of liver fibrosis, IL-10 plays an important role. Liver fibrosis is a reversible process. IL-10 can reduce and reverse liver fibrosis by inhibiting the proliferation of hepatic stellate cells and promoting apoptosis. In addition, IL-10 inhibits and reduces liver fibrosis by inhibiting the expression of hepatic stellate intercellular adhesion molecule-1. IL-10 can also inhibit liver fibrosis by reducing NF-κB activity.
IL-10 is involved in the immune regulation of CD4 + T cell apoptosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) by inducing T cells to highly express apoptotic gene-related products / Fas receptors (Fas / FasL). IL-10 can stimulate peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in SLE patients to produce dsDNA antibodies, and dsDNA antibodies can stimulate PBMCs to produce IL-10, which will further increase the level of IL-10 and accelerate the development of the disease.
As a chronic inflammatory disease of bronchial asthma, IL-10 in the collective can inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory factors such as neutrophils and eosinophils, and aggravate its inflammatory response. In addition, the decrease of IL-10 level, the continuous increase of various inflammatory factors in the body make the body in the process of injury and repair for a long time, causing the heart valve to begin to disease, and eventually lead to heart valve disease.
Fig 1. Mechanism of Signaling
Creative Proteomics can provide cytokine detection platform for scientific research. According to different purposes, our dedicated analysts will customize exclusive solutions for you. We aim to provide customers with high-quality and convenient services to help you accelerate the progress of your project.
Our cytokine detection service includes but is not limited to:
- Quantitative and qualitative detection of cytokines in different species
- Quantitative and qualitative detection of cytokine antibodies
- Quantitative and qualitative detection of single/mulltiple cytokines
Sample requirements
- Sample Types-Blood, serum, plasma, cerebrospinal fluid, cell culture supernatant, tissue homogenate, cell culture medium, urine, tumor, etc.
- Sample Volume - It is optimal for at least 200µl of each sample. This volume allows for triplicate testing of each sample.
Our advantages:
- Efficient design: Multiplex reaction detecting in various methods are available, which can be selected according to different samples and requirements.
- Sensitive detection: High-quality antibodies are used in the detection process to improve detection specificity and accuracy.
- Reliable results: The feedback results are professional and efficient.
Technology platform:
We mainly provide the Luminex cytokine detection platform. Luminex uses fluorescently encoded microspheres with specific antibodies to different target molecules. The different microspheres can be combined freely to a certain extent so that up to 100 analytes can be tested multiple times simultaneously in a single experiment.
The Luminex cytokine assay platform has the following advantages:
- Multiple detection: simultaneous detection of 100 biological targets
- Short experiment time: 1-3 weeks
- High sensitivity: the lower limit of accurate quantification is as low as 0.1 pg/mL
- Save samples: only need a sample volume as low as 25 μL
- Time saving: the experiment process only takes 4 hours
For your different needs, we can also provide the following detection methods:
- Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
- Flow cytometry
Workflow
For more information about the IL-10 detection service or need other detection requirements, please contact us.
References:
- Malefyt D W , R. Interleukin 10(IL-10) inhibits cytokine synthesis by human monocytes: an autoregulatory role of IL-10 produced by monocytes. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 1991, 174(5):1209-1220.2.
- Hara M , Kingsley C I , et al. IL-10 Is Required for Regulatory T Cells to Mediate Tolerance to Alloantigens In Vivo. The Journal of Immunology, 2001, 166(6):3789-3796.